01
Research focus
Record plate, face, line and writing direction before transcription. Define consistent signs for loss, uncertainty, deletion and addition.
02
Procedure and example
Keep a line-by-line transcription alongside a reading edition. Put punctuation, normalized readings and supplements in the editorial layer.
03
Output and review
Deliver image locators, transcription and notation key so a reviewer can identify every editorial intervention.
Resources and methodological references
The procedures and exercises are editorial teaching suggestions. These resources provide textual, collection or open-research access; links imply no affiliation or endorsement.
International Dunhuang Programme ↗
Manuscript collections, images and catalogue access.
Editorial study material · 2026-09-28